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· strong endings · strong class I · strong class II · strong class III · strong class IV · strong class V · strong class VI · strong class VII (reduplicated) · weak class 1 · weak class 2 · weak class 3 · weak class 4 · preterito-presentic verbs · the copula · the medio-passive inflexion · STRONG VERBS CLASS II The strong verbs of the 2nd class have the stem vowel /jú/, /jó/ or /ú/. When they are i-umlauted they all turn to /ý/ though (not /jý/ or /jœ/!). In the preterite tense it changes into /au/ in the singular and /u/ in the plural. In the perfect it's also /u/ or /o/.
This verb class consists of verbs from roots that in PIE had the diphtong /eu/, which turned into /ju:/ in ON, but evolved into /jo:/ before dentals. In stead of /eu/ the proto-germanic vowel could also be a long /u:/, which remained unchanged in ON. The PIE perfect had the o-grade in the singular and the zero-grade in the plural and the participle. This gives us the ON stem vowels/diphtongs /au/ (< ou) and /u/ (< u). For the origin of the inflexional endings, see the "strong endings" page. © Peter Pettersson
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